Utilizing Solid State and CW Amplifiers for Radiated Pulse Immunity Testing

Comparing Pulsed Amplifiers to CW Amplifiers

Pulsed signals are primarily defined by
- rise and fall time
- pulse width
- duty cycle (pulse-to-pause ratio)
- pulse repetition frequency (P-RF)
- droop (power level drop during pulse width / duration)

It is critical for pulsed signals that the required current is directly available fast in time at the final stage transistors.

There are many difficult combinations of pulse width and pulse repetition frequency.

Identifying specific timing to the amp supplier in advance we will ensure that they are ideally / perfectly amplified

Solid State RF Pulsing Technology

For wideband ranges no dedicated pulsed transistors are available. Therefore, using CW transistors the optimization for pulsed operation is not that ideal. However, power supplies and cooling can be reduced accordingly. Specifically at higher output levels it remains important.

  • 150 - 4000 MHz
  • 1 - 10 GHz
  • Narrow band amplifiers only at this time
  • Typical duty cycle of pulsed power solid state designs is 10%
  • Typical pulse width is 100 µs

Pulsed travelling wave tube amplifiers

  • Cover 2 - 18 GHz with two amplifiers
  • up to 30 kW pk
  • Significantly higher output power levels than standard CW tubes
  • Typical duty cycle of travelling wave tube designs is 1 … 6%
  • Standard pulse width is 50 µs; optional for some tubes 100 µs

Pulse Elements

Pulse Timing

Pulse Modulator

Common Standards Requiring Pulse Power Testing

Automotive Radar Pulse Testing

General Motors GMW 3097
1.2 - 1.4 GHz, 600 V/m at 0.75 m and 1 % Duty

Ford EMC-CS-2009.1
1.2 - 1.4 GHz and 2.7 - 3.1 GHz, 300 or 600 V/m at 1 m and 1% Duty

FCA (Fiat Chrysler) CS.0054
0.8 - 2.7 GHz, 50 V/m at 1 m and 1% Duty

VOLVO 515-0003
1.15 - 1.45 GHz, 600 V/m and 10% Duty
2.6 - 3.2 GHz, 5.2 - 5.9 GHz and 8.2 - 12.4 GHz, 200 V/m at 1 m and 10% Duty

Autonomous Driving

Preliminary
8.5 - 10.5 GHz, 600 V/m at 1 m and 50% Duty
15.7 - 17.7 GHz, 600 V/m at 1 m and 50 % Duty

Aerospace

RTCA/DO-160 Section 20: Radio Frequency Susceptibility (Radiated and Conducted), Category R
0.4 - 8 GHz, 150 V/m at 1 m and 4% Duty

MIL Testing

MIL 461 RS103
2 MHz - 18 GHz, 200 V/m at 1 m and 50% Duty

Related Resources

Did You Know?

CW amplifiers are capable of amplifying pulsed signals?

SSP series pulsed amplifiers up to approximately 10 kW

Samples of Power Amplifer Pulse Responses

At 800 ps

Input pulse and output response of an amplifier on an oscilloscope.

At 2 ns

At 5 ns

At 20 ns

Requiring RF Power - Automotive Radar Pulse Testing

200 V/m CW 1 GHz - 6 GHz

600 V/m 1.2 - 1.4 GHz & 2.7 - 3.1 GHz

Graph showing required RF power versus amplifier performance across frequency. - Automotive Radar Testing

Pulse Amplifiers